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Abstract Schistosomiasis is an endemic disease in Egypt which has a great socioeconomic and public health importance. It is mainly a disease of urinary and intestinal tracts, but no other system is immune, it may produce a variety of lesions in both male and female genital organs. j I infected mice. I I : I The highest prevalence and intensity of schistosomiasis begin in late childhood and continue for 20 years. This age is considered to be the peak of child bearing years. Frequent re-exposure leads to a high intensity of infection which in turn leads to development of severe pathology in the genital organs and subsequent reproductivity troubles. This work aimed to study the effect of schistosomiasis on the genital organs of both male and female mice infected with Schistosoma mansoni, and the differences between the reproductive efficacy of uninfected and Fifty two females and fourty males of Swiss albino mice trom the animal house of the High Institute of Public Health, 4-6 weeks old were mice were used as control group, 7 weeks later, mating of mice was done 1 I. I i , I mfected by S. mansoni cercariae by means of paddling technique. Twenty and they were divided into 4 groups. 11 d~ ... The first group represented the control group. 10 males were mated with 10 females. There were 2 pre!:,’1lancles with infanticide, and 8 prebTnancies ended with viable offspring |