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Abstract
Genital warts are the cauliflower-shaped outgrowths of cutaneous/mucosal surfaces, denoting their infection by Human Papilloma virus (HPV), a non-enveloped icosahedral DNA virus. More than 200 HPV types are recognized and the HPV types that cause anogenital infections are classified, according to their oncogenic potential into high-risk, low-risk, and potentially high-risk types.
HPV infection is primarily a sexually transmitted one, although other non-sexual routes have been reported. HPV manifests infection can produce a spectrum of infection, ranging from subclinical infection till the extreme of pre-malignant and malignant transformation of genital epithelium (VAIN, VIN, CIN) and their corresponding invasive malignancies.
HPV infection is not a rare one, for the estimated prevalence in the sexually active adults is about 30-50%, with a annual incidence of ½ to 1 million case in the US alone. Accurate demographic data in Egypt, as well as in other Islamic countries, are not available. However, an estimate of 15% prevalence and around 300,000 new cases a year.
Owing to the high prevalence and the significant association with genital neoplasia, many different modalities have been described for the treatment of genital warts, having had different levels of investigation. The absence of a single gold standard modality continually urged further research.