الفهرس 
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Abstract
Liver diseases are common in Egypt. the most common causes are schistosomal hepatic fibrosis and liver cirrhosis caused by hepatitis viruses. Ascites is the most common complication in cirrhotic patients. Tense ascites is a common clinical problem in such patients. it can be uncomfortable, causing respiratory distress, promoting the formation and rupture of umbilical hernias and having negative effects of cardiovascular function, increases portal hypertension, increases incidence of reflux oesphagitis, so can provoke both rupture and erosion of esophageal varices, and the incidence of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis is much higher in patients with tense ascites than in patients with ascites.