ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
INTRODUCTION AND AIM OF THE WORK
Review of literature
Anatomy of the pleyra
Dynamics of the pleural space
History of thoracoscopy
Instrumentation and Technique
Video-Assisted Thoracoscopy
Complications of Thoracoscopy
Contraindications to Thoracoscopy
PATIENTS AND METHODS
RESULTS
DISCUSSION
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
ARABIC SUMMARY