الفهرس يوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام
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المستخلص
Undescended testis (UDT) is a medical term referring to absence from the scrotum of one or both testes. This usually represents failure of the testis to move, to “descend”, during fetal development from an abdominal position, through the inguinal canal, into the ipsilateral scrotum (Kolon et al., 2004).
Cryptorchidism is a common urological disorder that affects 3% of full term and a quarter of premature male infants. Most of these testes will descend spontaneously within the first year of life. Most UDT are palpable by an experienced examiner. An UDT may be palpable or non-palpable. A non-palpable testis may be either intra-abdominal, canalicular or absent (Cortes, 1999).
The UDT can be classified by its location in the upper scrotum, intra-canalicualr and intra-abdominal. The most common problems associated with UDT are testicular neoplasm, subfertility, testicular torsion and inguinal hernia (Rabinowitz and Hulbert, 1997).
Early diagnosis and management of the UDT are needed to preserve fertility and improve early detection of testicular malignancy (Docimo, 1996).
Therapy for an UDT should begin between six months and 1 year of age and may consist of hormone or surgical treatment. The success of either form of treatment depends on the position of the testicle at diagnosis. Recent improvements in surgical technique, including laparoscopic approaches to diagnosis and treatment, hold the promise of improved outcomes. While orchiopexy may not protect patients from developing testicular malignancy, the procedure allows for earlier detection through self examination of the testicles (Docimo, 1998).