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Abstract
’Jbe objective of this work is to utilize one of the agricultural wastes, pith bagasse for oil ,’8pi1l removal. Bagasse is produced in Egypt as a by product of sugar industry.
1’he physical properties of pith bagasse were investigated using scanning electronic
, 8icroscope to show the inner and the outer surface and the cross section area of the pith , ’1Iegasse and thenno gravimetric analyzer to investigate the degradation profile of the pith ’! 1Iegasse.
,je Experiments were carried out on raw pith bagasse to study its oil sorption capacity and ” water pick up under simulated field conditions. Different factors were varied to study their
effect on the sorption capacity including particle size, sorption time, oil film thickness, desorption time, sorption temperature, sorbent weight, oil type, soaking time and reusability. It is found that the best conditions are for particle size of 0.701 mm with sorption time of 15 min at oil film thickness of 5 mm and at sorption temperature of 25°C. Also it is found that heavy Arabian crude is the maximum sorption capacity of all used oil of 13.1g oill g fiber and of 9.034 g oillg fiber and 12.7 g oillg fiber for seven day weathered heavy Arabian oil , one day weathered heavy Arabian oil and gas oil respectively. The hydrophobic properties of pith bagasse was tested by detennining the water pick up, the results indicated that raw pith bagasse have great affinity for water of 9.87 g water/ g fiber after 15 min and picks it up quickly.
Carbonization was done to improve the hydrophobic and oleophilic properties of raw pith bagasse. Sorption capacity of carbonized pith bagasse was measured and the best conditions obtained at carbonization time of 2 hours and carbonization temperature of 300°C. Carbonized pith bagasse was applied in two fonns; loose carbonized pith bagasse and in the fonn of a pad containing carbonized pith bagasse.
For loose fibers, Different factors were varied to study their effect on oil sorption capacity and water pick up including carbonized pith bagasse weight, oil film thickness, desorption time, reusability, soaking time and carbonized pith bagasse particle size. Carbonization was found to improve the sorption capacity as it increases from 13.lg oill g fiber to 19.06 g oill g fiber and from 9.034 g oillg fiber to 14.74 g oill g fiber and from 12.7 g oill g fiber to 14 g oill g fiber for seven, one day weathered heavy Arabian oil and gas oil respectively. Also the hydrophobic properties improved extremely by carbonization as it decreases from 12.13 g water /g fiber for raw pith bagasse to 0.62 g water/ g carbonized fiber in 168 hours (7 days). The best conditions were achieved for particle size of 0.894 mm with 5 mm oil film thickness. Also the reusability was improved by carbonization as carbonized pith bagasse could be used 6 times before the sorption capacity decreases to 50% of the 151 time.
For the second fonn, pad containing carbonized pith bagasse Different factors were varied to study their effect on oil sorption capacity and water pick up including sorption time, desorption time, reusability and weight of sorbent. The best conditions were at sorption time of 60 min. The reusability was improved by using the pad because it could be used 8 times before the sorption capacity decreases to 50% of the 1st time.
Comparison between the uncompressed pads containing carbonized pith bagasse and a number of commercially available oil spill sorbents was done. It was found that the prepared sorbent have higher sorption capacity of all commercial sorbents.