الفهرس 
REVIE’V OF LITERATURE RELATED TO ELECTRICAL ENERGY CONSERVATIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 178 |  |  |
| | | from | 178 | | |
Abstract
The fast increase in electrical power demand and financing
shortage to meet very high power demand push the majority of
countries, even oil producers to apply seriously the energy
conservation (E.C) and load management (L.M) activities.
The case in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (K.S.A.) may
slightly differ. The low tariff, the high national gross domestic
product, and severe swnmer conditions are the direct reasons of
two main problems facing K.S.A. electrical sector. The first is the
extremely high peak loads during short period (1 :00-4:00 p.m) in
summer tirre resulting in low utilization factor of power
generation units. The second is the high electrical energy
consumption rate per capita if it is compared with the average
international rates.
This research, thus, investigates the problem of E.C. under
such mentioned problems. Suggested solutions are applied to the
case of K.S.A. electrical regions, where Central Region, is served
by one of the Saudi Consolidated Companies (SCECO
CENTRAL). Also, investigations and analysis of electrical load
characteristics and the results of applying energy conservation and
load management are investigated. These issues and results are
studied and discussed in six chapters:
The first part is an introduction to the subject illustrating the
main aims of the research and methodology.
The second part presents a review of definitions and literatures
in the field of E.C. and L.M., clarifying the importance of the
subject. A brief discussion of published papers, articles and
researches re lated to this research.
Part three is devoted to a survey of the most important efforts
which have been done in K.S.A. by Ministry of Industry and
Electricity (~HE) in K.S.A or by its instructions, supervision and
follow-up. Particular considerations are given to the L.M: pilot
project of ~lIE and the pilot project implemented by Saudi
Consolidated Electric Company in the Central Region (SCECO Central). The realized energy savings of consumption categories
are provided.
Part four presents a description and analysis of the whole
electrical sector of K.S.A. and its main characteristics as being the
sample considered for application of the present investigation. An
analysis of these main characteristics is carried out This analysis
is an approach to part five in this research. _
Part five is devoted to electrical system analysis of the Saudi
Consolidated electric company in the Central Region (SCECO
CENTRAL) or (S.C). In details the main characteristic of the
system, the peak saving achievements due to energy conservation
(E. C.) and L.M. and the of combined effect of (E.C&L.M) impact
on . the future (short term) peaks are analyzed. Also, the impact on
capital investment, operation, maintenance (0 & M), and total
costs saving up to 1997 were extrapolated to the year of 2002.
Mathematical regression analysis had been used either for the past
period especially from 1993 up to 1997, or for forecasting future
up to 2002. This part is thus connected with the title of the
research and reflects the main goal behind it.
Part six discusses the effect of E.C. on the long term plan for
the Electrical Sector in K.S.A, as an example for fast developing
countries which covers twenty five (25) years ending by 2020.
This reflects the saving in peak loads (M\V) along this period and
consequently the amount of money due the applying professional
E.C. programs. Formulae relating the various parameters are
deduced such as to be applicable for similar systems.
Finally Part seven presents the general conclusions obtained
through the present course of investigation. Also, several
recommendations are given points for future investigations are
suggested.