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Abstract
Response of some sugarcane varieties to flowering
Two field experiments were carried out at El Sabahia Research Station (Alexandria Governorate) in 2005/2006 and 2006/2007 growing seasons to study the effect of some agricultural factors on flowering of sugarcane during the plant and ratoon crop season. The first experiment a study on the effect of the irrigation regimes of some sugarcane varieties on flowering, whereas the experiment included three levels of irrigation regimes (3, 6 and 9 days) and three sugarcane cultivars (F31-346, CP43-47 and Co1095). The second experiment studied the effect of three GA3 concretion as a growth regulator substance (0, 500 and 1000 ppm) and two sugarcane cultivars (GT54-9 and Co413). Irrigation regimes began on August and lasting up to the end of flowering period of sugarcane plants, while the growth regulator (GA3) concentration was sprayed on the top of the sugarcane plants in September. Sugarcane was cultivated on March 26 of 2005 season. Treatments were arranged in a split plot design with three replications, in the first experiment: The levels of irrigation regimes were arranged in the main plot, while the sugarcane varieties were randomly distributed in the sub plots. However, in the second experiment: The GA3 levels were arranged in the main plots, while the sugarcane varieties were randomly distributed in the sub plots.
The obtained result could be summarized as followed:
Experiment І
І. Flowering characters:
І.1. Flowering percentage:
1- Prolonging the irrigation intervals (increasing soil water stress) up to 9 days reduced the responded plants percentage over the different stages of flowering.
2- The variety F31-346 surpassed the other varieties in the experiments in the responded plants percentage over the flowering period, however the variety Co1095 did not appear any response to flowering during the reproductive period.
3- The responded plants of sugarcane varieties F31-346 and CP43-47 flowering stage were reduced when moved from stage to another of the flowering stages, whereas the maximum percentage of responded plants to flowering stage was recorded in according in the development stage, while the minimum percentage was in the full emergency stage.
І.2. Days from planting to the beginning of the different flowering stages:
1- The number of days from planting to the first day of the different flowering stage increased by increase irrigation intervals up to 9 days.
2- The variety CP43-47 surpassed the variety F31-346 in the number of days from planting to the beginning of the different stages of flowering period.
І.3. Duration of responding sugarcane plants to the flowering stages:
1- The duration of flowering stages increased by increasing the irrigation intervals up to 9 days.
2- The variety CP43-47 surpassed the other varieties under the study in the duration of responding plants to the different stages of flowering period.
ІІ. Agronomic character:
ІІ.1. Stalk length:
1- The stalk length significant increased by prolonging the irrigation intervals up to 9 days during the full emergency stage.
2- The variety F31-346 surpassed significantly the other varieties in the stalk length during the full emergency stage.
ІІ.2. Stalk diameter:
1- The different treatments of irrigation regimes did not significantly affect on the stalk diameter during the full emergency stage.
2- There are no significant differences in the stalk diameter of the three sugarcane varieties during the full emergency stage.