الفهرس | Only 14 pages are availabe for public view |
Abstract The development of water resources is a significant part of the integrated development of many countries. Therefore, there is a continual need for the comparison of water demand and available water resources. The Government of Egypt initiated a national development plan aiming to create new communities away from the Nile valley and Delta to absorb a portion of the growing population and to provide job opportunities for young generations. These development activities will need a sustainable source of water supply. Marriout Irrigation District was chosen as the study area because it represents the Egyptian irrigation system at the tail end and contains all relevant issues that would have to be analyzed in an irrigation system in Egypt. . Existing situation of Marriout Irrigation District, water requirements are completely satisfied during four months. For the remaining eight months, water requirements are partially satisfied. The water requirement is satisfied by 91% in January. Water supply suffers a severe shortage in February, March, April, May, June, July and August when the water demand is only satisfied in September, October, November and December. Thus to solve water problem in Marriout Irrigation District an integrated management of water resources could reduce water interruption and lead to a sustainable development. Under the limited water resources, the optimum utilization of water resources is most important. Thus a framework for analysis and a computational framework have been developed. Problems and triggers, boundary conditions, socio-economic aspects and questions to be answered by the study have been specified. A general goal and a set of objectives and criteria have been formulated. Four objectives have been specified concerning the following aspects: (I)Economic; (2)Social; (3)Efficiency of water use and (4)Sustainability as well. Seven scenarios of water resources management were proposed in the study area in order to evaluate and develop Marriout Irrigation District. from the analysis it can be concluded that the existing situation gives the best opportunity for agro-industrial output and provides with the best insurance of food security. Proposed scenario which considers study area has become pressurized irrigation system however insures best agricultural output, guarantees higher income level and improved irrigation efficiency in the meantime. This indicates that the change from gravity irrigation to pressurized system is the major factor in obtaining better production, better returns and better water use efficiency. |