الفهرس 
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Abstract
The present study provides a detailed description on the ecology and phytosociology of weeds of orchards in the Nile Delta region of Egypt. Also, shed light on the economic importance of some of these weeds by examining the chemical composition of them, as well as it examines some of the biological activities such as allelopathy and antioxidant. The present study aims at the following objectives: Study the floristic features including record of weeds, distribution pattern, life-span, life-form spectra and floristic categories of the weeds in the study areas (orchards) to detect the taxonomic and phytogeographical significance of its floristic components. Determination of weed communities associated with the fruit trees cultivated in some orchards in Egypt in terms of spatial variations in abundance using multivariate analysis. Determination of the weeds diversity of some orchards in the study area. Analysis of variations in environmental factors (edaphic) to determine the soil factors controlling the abundance and distribution of the recognized weed communities in the study areas. Evaluation of the economic potentialities of some selected plant species by studying: i) The proximate composition. ii) The active secondary constituents. iii) Determination of some biological activities of some selected plant species by studying: (a) The Antioxidant activities. (b) The allelopathic effects on Bidens pilosa as a tool of weed management (biological control). The sampled stands are distributed in many localities of the orchards representing five Governorates of Egypt, namely El-Dakahlia, Damietta, Kafr El-Sheikh, El-Behira, and El-Sharkia.