الفهرس 
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Abstract
Electricity generation in Egypt depends on burning fossil fuels and petroleum products contributing great damage to the environment in the form of greenhouse gases. Generation of electricity from solar energy is very little despite the fact that Egypt has the highest rates of solar radiation in the world. Solar energy is an important energy source because of its clean and renewable nature. Nowadays,since conventional fossil sources are being depleted rapidly, the need for solar energy and its efficient utilization are increasing. Photovoltaic (PV) technology has continued to develop in recent years. Tracking technology that maximizes the power output of the PV panels is just one area of improvement. In the present work, a sun full tracking PV panel is developed, implemented and tested. The control circuit of the two degree of freedom tracking system is based on 18F452 microcontroller and uses two stepper motors. The use of stepper motors enables accurate tracking of the sun. Results of experimental tests carried out in Mansoura city, Egypt, showed that the power gain of the two-axis tracking PV panel(full tracking system) over that of the fixed is about 49.34 %. Furthermore, the calculated power gain of the full tracking PV panel over that of the one-axis about 19.97%. On other hand, the calculated power gain output of the oneaxis tracking system over that of the fixed was 24.83%. It has been seen that two-axis tracking system can increase energy conversion efficiency output by more than 24.82%. This designed system realized precise automatic full tracking of PV panel and can greatly improve the utilization of solar energy when compared to the fixed mount system.