الفهرس 
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Abstract
Objectives: The main objective of the study is to develop, fabricated and evaluate technically and economically a handling machine with a cylinder system, which performs various handling operations such as cleaning and grading to suit semi-spherical crops be used in working conditions in small horticultural holdings, handling stations and small food factories.
Methodology & Results: The device was installed on ground surface. After harvest the crops were put into baskets and manually discharged into the feeding chute hopper while the crops were passing over the cylinders of cleaning unit, the unwanted material such as soil was removed to improve the product appearance and edibility and then, dropped from the cleaning unit to the grading unit to grade the crops into three category, the distances between the cylinders are controlled by measuring the smallest dimension (thickness) for the potato and the largest diameter for the eggplant. The receiving unit is working on the transfer of the fruits to the filling place and the physical and mechanical properties of the crop have been measured, tested and evaluated the performance and efficiency of the manufactured, determination the energy consumption and estimated cost for the year 2017.
The obtained results revealed that (1) Machine capacity is highly depended on the studied factors.
(2) Increasing cylinder speed caused to decrease the damage index of grading unit tends to decrease the damage index of 9.16% for potato, while for eggplant was 2.71%. (3) The data revealed for Esponta potato variety that cylinder speed 0.31 m/s and grading slope angle (0.0 degree) tend to increase grading efficiency of 72.29 % at reciprocating motion 0.0 stroke/min, cylinder speed 0.41 m/s and grading slope angle 1.0 degree tend to increase grading efficiency of 88.84 % at reciprocating motion 62.0 stroke/min. (4) Increasing cylinder speed caused to increase cleaning capacity and cleaning efficiency. (5) The highest specific energy consumption was recorded using lowest cylinder speed 0.31 m/sec which was 0.59 kW.h/ ton while the lowest specific energy consumption was recorded using highest rotating speed of cylinder 0.41 m/sec which was 0.43 kW. h/ton for Esponta potatoes variety, while for Baladi eggplant variety the highest specific energy consumption was recorded using highest cylinder speed 0.59 m/sec which was 0.52 kW. h/ton while the lowest specific energy consumption was recorded using lowest rotating speed of cylinder 0.41 m/sec which was 0.21 kW. h/ton. (6) The cost of manual handling for one ton of eggplant is about (2.19) times larger than that using the modified machine while potato is about (3.77) times.
Conclusion:
The optimum operating parameters for the modified handling machine were at cylinder speed of 0.31 m/sec, grading slope angle of 0.0 degree and reciprocating motion of 0.0 stroke/min in for Esponta potato variety and for Baladi eggplant variety at cylinder speed of 0.41 m/sec, grading slope angle of 1.0 degree and reciprocating motion of 62 stroke/min, which produced maximum grading efficiency (72.29 and 88.84 %) and permissible mechanical damage (9.16 and 2.71 %) for potato and eggplant respectively.