الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The main aim of rhinoplasty is to create an attractive and functional nose without any surgical stigmata. However, this target can only be performed if the surgeon understands the direct relations between surface aesthetics, underlying anatomical features, and functional factor. It is considered one of the most frequently conducted techniques in plastic surgery, with 213.780 procedures done in United States alone in 2018.. The nasal septum has an essential role in the function as well as the shape of the nose. Septum deformities might induce breathing difficulties, sleeping problems, chronic upper and lower respiratory tract infections, and hypersensitivity disorders, which can affect the patient life. In addition, they may induce curvatures in the nasal axis, with a subsequent development of aesthetic imperfections. Septal deviation is a frequent etiology of nasal obstruction, present in up to 80% of the overall population. In cases with deviated noses, septal correction is important for treatment success.5 Septoplasty is one of the most frequent techniques conducted by rhinoplasty surgeons. The aim of septoplasty is to create a straight septum to alleviate anatomic nasal obstruction. Various modalities were described over the last several years with an ongoing debate as regards indications, surgical procedures and possibilities of septum destabilization and perforation. Several septoplasty procedures, including bony batten grafting, septal extension grafting, and cutting and suture procedures, were established to treat the aesthetic and functional forms deviated noses especially in severe cases. These in situ septal corrections (ISSCs) are very successful procedures for correction of the nasal septum and external nose in cases with deviated noses.