الفهرس 
Introduction and aim of the workOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The current definition of overactive bladder (OAB) is urgency with or without urge incontinence, usually with frequency and nocturia in the absence of an underlying metabolic or pathologic condition. That can effect on quality of life. OAB is a rising health problem that is having a massive impact on quality of life. Diagnosis and management of overactive bladder remains a challenge to date, there is no definitive blood or serum based test available for disease confirmation. The objective of the present study was to use non-invasive urinary and blood biomarkers as investigative tools to OAB. This study involved 57 subjects, with average age 52 years [range 31-73]. Admitted to the urology and nephrology center. They were divided into main groups: groupI 37 female patients with OAB which divided to (16refractory and 21 ordinary), group II: 20 female healthy volunteers, served as healthy controls. blood (4-5 mL total) and mid-stream urine samples were obtained from OAB patients and control, then start to gene expression of Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGFc), Microfibrillar‐associated protein 3L (MFAP‐3L), Tropomyosin 1(TPM1), Adrenomedullin (ADM) and Progesterone receptor component 1(PGRMC1). By following steps. RNA extraction from the whole blood. cDNA synthesis. Quantitative real time Polymerase chain Reaction (qPCR). Detection of fibrinoctine 1 (FN 1) level in serum. Measurement of urinary NGF levels. Determination of serum prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Determination of antioxidant, serum Malondialdehyde (MDA), urine nitric oxide (NO) and plasma catalase (CAT). The obtained results can be summarized as following Gene expression in OAB patient PDGFc, MFAP3L, TPM1, PGRMC1 are decrease significantly (P˂0.05) in patients with overactive bladder when compared with control. And showed significantly decreased in refractory patients with OAB when compared with control (P˂0.001). On other hand, adrenomedullin gene expression was significantly increased in OAB group when compared to control and its high level expression in ordinary and refractory group when compared to control (p<0.001) adrenomeduline expression become higher in refractory OAB patients (p=0.001) when compared to ordinary group. No statistical differences was found in PGRMC1 expression between ordinary and refractory OAB (p=0.408) PDGFc, MFAP-3L and TPM1 manifested low expression in refractory OAB (p<0.05) when compared to ordinary group. Metabolomics markers in OAB patient. In ELISA measurement of marker for OAB we obtained highly significantly increase of urinary NGF (pg/ml), serum PGE2 (pg/ml) in OAB than control and also serum FN1 (μg\ml) significant increase in OAB when compared to control (P˂0.05) increase the level of urinary NGF, serum FN1and urinary PEG2 in ordinary and refractory group when compared to control (p˂0.001). The urinary NGF in refractory OAB patients compared to ordinary OAB patients (p<0.05), On the other hand, Serum level of FN1 and PEG2 showed significant increase in refractory group compared to ordinary group (p=0.001, 0.016, respectively). Biochemical marker for detection the OAB patient. Antioxidant assessment showed serum content of MDA (nmol/ml) was increase significantly in OAB patient group when compared to control (P˂0.001) an also increase the activity of MDA in ordinary and refractory when compared to control. On Other hands OAB disease caused significantly decrease of plasma content of CAT (U/l) compared to control group (P˂0.001). In addion the result show no statistically significant relationship in NO (μmol/l) concentration between the OAB patients and control (P˃0.05). There are significant increase of MDA in refractory group than in ordinary group and significantly decrease of CAT in refractory group when compared to ordinary group. Conclusion and recommendations The present results indicate the helpfulness of some molecular, metabolomics, oxidant and antioxidant markers in OAB. Those noninvasive markers can detect presence and severity of OAB. Because the investigation done on 37 OAB patient only, future studies have needed to evaluating of those markers to diagnose and monitor patients with OAB.