الفهرس 
AbstractOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
In this thesis, we demonstrate, by integrating plasmonic nanoantennas, that membrane-based micromechanical resonators can become infrared (IR) active. The photo-thermomechanical effect induced by nanoantennas enables actuation of mechanical structures. Using this hybrid nanoantenna coupled mechanical device as a thermal IR detector, we achieved a current responsivity of 12 mA/W corresponding to a displacement responsivity of 98.7 μm/W and a thermal time constant of 5.7 ms at a wavelength of 6 μm. This approach can be extended to any mechanical resonator for new optomechanical sensing modalities. A perfect metamaterial meander line absorber is designed, fabricated, and characterized by a waveguide measurement technique. The proposed metamaterial absorber of a double metal split ring resonator has a single-band absorption response in the microwave region. The characterization and analysis technique of the absorber illustrated a development in its bandwidth value, which minimizes both reflection and transmission coefficients for different upper metal lengths. Simulation and experimental results show that the absorber has a good perfect absorption in the frequency band between 8.5 GHz and 9 GHz. Moreover, the simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental measurements, which verify that this absorber can be used for the radar cross section and any electromagnetic compatibility at the X-band region. Frequency-selective heat infrared (IR) detectors are promising for numerous new apps such as solar cell detection, gas analysis, multi-color imaging, multi-channel detector, recognition of artificial objects in a natural setting, but these features involve extra filters which lead to elevated costs. Plasmonic metamaterial absorbers (PMAs) can impart frequency selectivity to standard heat, IR detectors merely by regulating the absorber surface geometry to generate surface plasmon resonance at the desired frequency. We present a nanoantenna-based mid-infrared absorber for heat infrared detectors. Our structure uses a portion of the noble metal used in standard absorbers and is only one layer thick, which enables incredibly tiny thermal conductivity leading to possibly very low thermal detector noise. Simulation results show that the proposed nanoantennas can achieve a harvesting efficiency of 40% at a frequency of 150 THz where the antenna input impedance is matched to that of fabricated rectifying devices. Achieve maximum bandwidth Absorber from 100 THz to 200 THz for application purposes energy harvesting sensor.