الفهرس 
المقدمةيوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام
 |  | from | 270 |  |  |
| | | from | 270 | | |
المستخلص
The study deals with the topic (The foreign policy of the United States towards Europe during the Kennedy era 1961 AD / 1963 AD) and chronologically occupies the period of John F. Kennedy’s presidency of the United States of America from January 20, 1961 until his assassination on November 22, 1963. President Kennedy is the 35th president in the history of the United States who was born in Brooklyn, Massachusetts, and joined Harvard University before joining the United States Navy reserves in 1941, and Kennedy drove a series of (PT boats) in the Pacific front during the war Second World, and won the Navy Medal. Kennedy represented the state of Massachusetts in the US House of Representatives from 1947 AD to 1953 AD, and was subsequently elected in the US Senate as a Senator from Massachusetts from 1953 until 1960 AD, and during this period he published his book ”Features in Courage”, which won the Pulitzer Prize for the biography category. Kennedy ran for president in the presidential elections at the end of 1960, and narrowly defeated his Republican rival, Richard Nixon, to become the thirty-fifth president of the United States of America. His presidential term was marked by tensions with communist countries as the number of American military advisers in South Vietnam increased, and he also tried to overthrow the Cuban government and the president Fidel Castro in the process of the Bay of Pigs Invasion, and in October 1962, American spy planes discovered the presence of Soviet missile bases in Cuba. This was followed by a period of tension known as the Cuban Missile Crisis, which almost led the world to a nuclear war.