الفهرس 
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Abstract
ABSTRACT : Sleep represents an essential component of humans, lower and higher vertebrate’s animal’s behavior. It is important for most emotional and physical process; it helps the body to recover after activity to restore the optimal biological functions. In contrast to normal day time life for humans or night life for rodents, the irregular reverse of these normal life style may be done either according to the need of work shift or due to worsen life style, may associated with by functional disturbance. The purpose of the present work was to evaluate the influence of sleep deprivation or change in normal sleep time on some biochemical and physiological parameters, metabolic processes as well as oxidative stress markers and immune system which may accompanied by pathological disorders. The present work was applied on 20 human volunteers after their acceptance, 10 normal sleeps by night and the wake up by day due to different factories; mostly they were within the same age, economic life style. In addition, the present work was done 20 male mice 10 normally sleep by day and other group suffered from sleep deprivation by day through external stimuli by gentle handling for about 5h. daily for 5 weeks. Obtained results showed that, alteration of sleep time was accompanied by disturbance in blood component especially RBCs, WBCs and hormonal alterations as insulin, ghrelin, leptin associated with hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and exceed TG which predict the appearance of type II diabetes and obesity, in addition to disturbance of oxidative status balance and immune functions. Hence the major observations from this work is that, sleep restriction or sleep time alteration may lead to poor health and increase the risk for different disease especially type II diabetes and cardiovascular disease.