الفهرس 
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Abstract
”Two successive field experiments were carried out at El-Baramon Research Farm, El-Mansoura Horticulture Research Station, Horticulture Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Egypt, on snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv.”” Giza 6””). The first experiment on (25th November) in winter seasons of 2017/2018 and 2018/2019. The second experiment on (20th May) of summer 2018 and 2019. to study the effect of soil additions and foliar application with different antioxidant compounds, and their combined interactions on alleviating the adverse effects of heat stress (cold and hot temperature) and improving plant growth performance, photosynthetic pigments, mineral composition, pods yield and its components, quality characters and storability under such conditions. a. Soil applications: 1- Control. (Without addition). 2-Seaweed at (5 gm/100 L.). 3- Feldspar (KALSI3O) at 75 kg/fed. b. Foliar applications of antioxidant: 1. Control (sprayed with water). 2. Chitosan at 175 ppm. 3. Yeast extract at 20 ml/l. 4. Proline (L-PROLINE, C5H9NO2) at 50 ppm. 5. Salicylic acid (C7H6O3) at 150 ppm. 6. Ascorbic from (C6H8O6) at 200 ppm. 7. Potassium silicate (K2SiO3) at 100 ppm. 8. Royal jelly at 0.1 gm/l. 9. ATP (Adenosine-5-triphosphate disodium salt) at 0.03 gm/l. 10. Fulvic acid at 0.25 gm/l. 11. Citric acid (C6H8O7) at 0.3 gm/l. Split plot design with three replicates was adopted. The experiment included 33 treatments which were 3 natural soil applications (seaweed, feldspar and control) and 11 foliar application of different antioxidant compounds, i.e., (chitosan, yeast, proline, salicylic acid, ascorbic acid, silicone, Royal jelly, ATP, fulvic acid and citric acid and control). Plants were foliar sprayed three times, the first after 25 days from planting and the others at 10 days’ intervals. Storability: Storage of snap bean pods were carried out during15 days. in perforated polyethylene bags at 1(kg) in weight in the fridge at 5c0 and relative humidity 90-95%. The results can be summarized as follows: 5.1 Vegetative growth. 5.1.1 Effect of soil addition. 5.1.1.1 Winter season. Soil addition of seaweed resulted significantly higher values compared with feldspar in both seasons. 5.1.1.2 Summer season. Seaweed extract gave the highest value than feldspar compared with control in. All foliar application treatments showed significant improvements in all studied growth parameters (plant height – no. of branches – no. of leaves- leaf area – plant fresh weight – plant dry weight), compared with the control in both seasons. Chitosan at a concentration 175 ppm gave the highest effect on all growth characters followed by applying yeast at a concentration of 20ml/L in two seasons. with higher values in the both seasons. 5.1.2.2. Summer seasons. The highest value of all foliar application recorded by chitosan at 175 ppm followed by yeast and proline in both seasons. 5.1.3 Effect of the interaction. 5.1.3.1 Winter season. The effect of all interactions had significant effect on vegetative growth parameters, the highest values were recorded for planting treated with the combination of adding seaweed extract with spraying chitosan in both seasons. 5.1.3.2. Summer season the highest values were recorded for planting treated with adding seaweed extract and spraying chitosan in both seasons compared with control. 5.2 Green pods yield and its components: 5.2.1 Effect of soil additio. 5.2.1.1 Winter season. Seaweed extract resulted significantly higher values compared with control in both seasons. 5.1.1.2 Summer season. Seaweed extract gave the highest value followed by feldspar in both seasons. 5.2.2 Effect of foliar application. 5.2.2.1 Winter season. All foliar treatments significantly increase pods yield and its components, i.e ; pod weight, number of green pod per plant, total fresh green pods yield (ton/fed) compared with the control. Applying Chitosan at a concentration 175 ppm resulted in the highest significant values of yield and its components followed by yeast at a concentration of 20ml/L in both seasons. with higher values in the second season than the first one. 5.2.2.2. Summer season. Using chitosan at 175 ppm recorded high rates followed by yeast and proline in both seasons. 5.2.3. Effect of interaction. 5.2.3.1. Winter season. The highest values of all parameters were recorded with spray chitosan with adding seaweed extract. Followed by using foliar application under the same soil application all compared with the untreated plant during both seasons. 5.2.3.2. Summer season. The Interaction between chitosan as a foliar application and seaweed extract as a soil addition gave the highest value compared with control. 5.3 photosynthetic pigments: 5.3.1. Effect of soil addition. 5.3.1.1. Winter season. Seaweed extract recorded highest value compared with control in both seasons. 5.3.1.2. Summer season. All addition gave positive effect on chemical characters of leaves but seaweed extract gave high rates followed by feldspar in in both seasons. 5.3.2. Effect of foliar application. 5.3.2.1. Winter season. All sprayed treatments showed a positive significant effect on the leaves content of chlorophyll a, b and total chlorophyll compared with the control in both seasons. Chitosan at a concentration 175 ppm had the significantly highest values of leaf chlorophyll a, b and total chlorophyll contents followed by application of yeast at a concentration of 20ml/L in both seasons. with higher values in the second season than the first one. 5.3.2.2. Summer season. Using chitosan at 175 ppm gave the highest value of chemical characters of leaves of bean plants followed by yeast in both seasons. 5.3.3 Effect of interaction. 5.3.3.1. Winter season. Mean values of chlorophyll a, b and total were significantly affected and the best records of pervious characters were obtained by plants fertilized with seaweed extract and sprayed with chitosan compared with the other treatments in both seasons. 5.3.3.2. Summer seasons Fertilized plants with seaweed extract and sprayed with chitosan gave highest value in both seasons. 5.4 pods quality: 5.4.1. Effect of soil addition. 5.4.1.1. Winter season All addition gave the positive effect on pods quality, so seaweed extract gave the highest value in both seasons. 5.4.1.2. Summer season. The significant effect of soil addition in pods quality were obtained by using seaweed extract followed by feldspar in both seasons. 5.4.2. Effect of foliar application. 5.4.2.1. Winter season. All treatments significantly caused improvements in pods quality characters, i.e. vitamin C, crude protein, carbohydrate, total sugar, total soluble solids (TSS), fiber contents and N, P and K of pods in both seasons. The significant and highest increments in pods quality parameters were obtained by application of Chitosan at a concentration 175 ppm followed by yeast at a concentration of 20ml/L in both seasons. 5.4.2.2. Summer season. Using chitosan at 175 ppm gave the highest value of all chemical in pods quality followed by yeast in both seasons. 5.4.3. Effect of interaction. 5.4.3.1. Winter season. As for the interaction spraying with chitosan, yeast and proline increased the previous parameters under adding seaweed extract during both seasons. 5.4.3.2. Summer seasons. The interaction between soil addition (seaweed extract) and foliar application (chitosan)gave the highest value in both season. 5.5 Storability: 5.5.1 Weight of loss: 5.5.1.1 Effect of soil addition. 5.5.1.1.1 Winter season. The weight loss% at 3,6,9,12 and 15 days from start storage period still the end of storage periods were significantly affected by soil addition seaweed extract during both seasons. 5.5.1.1.2. Summer season. Significant effect of seaweed extract as a soil addition had positive effect of weight loss at 3,6,9,12 and 15 days from start storage period still the end of storage period. The mean values of parameters under study were significantly affected with foliar spraying during the both seasons and realized for the plant treated with chitosan at (175 ppm). 5.5.1.2.2. Summer season. Using chitosan at (175 ppm) gave the positive effect of pods from start storage period still the end of storage periods in both seasons. 5.5.1.3. Effect of interaction. 5.5.1.3.1. Effect of winter seasons< The highest values of the aforementioned parameters were recorded while plants spraying with Chitosan at a concentration 175 ppm under adding seaweed extract 5.5.1.3.2. Summer seasons from start storage period still the end of storage periods in both seasons the positive effect by using the interaction between soil addition (seaweed extract) and foliar application (chitosan) in both season compared with control. 5.5.2. Pods quality: 5.5.2.1.N, P and K: 5.5.2.1.1. Effect of soil addition 5.5.2.1.1.1. Winter season N, P and K at the end of storage periods were significantly affected by the application during two seasons. The highest values of parameters recorded with adding seaweed extract, while the lowest one recorded with adding feldspar. 5.5.2.1.1.2. Summer season The highest values of parameters recorded with adding seaweed extract followed by feldspar compared with control. 5.5.2.1.2. Effect of foliar application 5.5.2.1.2.1. Winter season N, P and K at the end of storage were significantly affected by the treatments during both seasons. It’s quite clear that treating bean plants with chitosan were superior when compare with other treatments which gave the highest values of N, P and K at the end of storage periods. 5.5.2.1.2.2. Summer season chitosan gave the highest values of N, P and K at the end of storage periods compared with control in both seasons. The means values of parameters above are significantly affected by the applications during both seasons of the experiments. The highest values recorded with foliar chitosan with using seaweed extract. Total sugar, total carbohydrate, crude protein, total soluble solids, vitamin C, fiber and total phenols: Mean values of Total sugar, total carbohydrate, crude protein, total soluble solids, vitamin C, fiber and total phenols at the end of storage periods were significantly affected due to the application during both seasons of the study. The lowest values recorded with feldspar while the heights values recorded with adding seaweed extract. The highest significant values of the aforementioned parameters were recorded with spraying plants with chitosan. These increases were true and statistically significant in two seasons of the experiment. Pods of bean plant during storage period supplied with seaweed extract. in the presence of foliar spray with chitosan achieved the highest significant values of Total sugar, total carbohydrate, crude protein, total soluble solids, vitamin C, fiber and total phenols at the end of storage periods all comparing with control.