الفهرس 
AbstractOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Groundwater resources play an essential role in freshwater supply for all activities to overcome the shortage in water sources due to the growing population problem. Groundwater exposes to pollution because of various activities of human or natural conditions. This pollution limits water utilization, influences the water properties, and transforms them into harmful ones. Therefore, studying the transport of pollutants has become very important for groundwater conservation. The pollutants transfer from several sources to groundwater reservoirs taking various forms and ways based on several factors, such as the type of soil, the amount and type of the pollutants, and the land topography. Groundwater pollution may result from a point or non-point source or a combination of them. The 10th of Ramadan city is one of the areas exposing pollution from industrial, agriculture, domestic, and oxidation ponds. It is important to note that the 10th of Ramadan city rests on the pleistocene permeable sandstone aquifer. Agricultural, industrial, and municipal wastes are drained into three oxidation ponds laying at the east of the 10th of Ramadan city. Therefore, these wastewater ponds cause a great danger to the groundwater aquifer due to the high probability of pollutants transporting through the soil. The present study’s main goal is to assess the hazards of wastewater ponds, agriculture activities, and industrial activities on the surrounding environment, especially the groundwater. Furthermore, it investigates the pollutants movement towards the groundwater aquifer and predicts the plume expansion and its arrival time to the aquifer. It also presents a new natural peat soil as adsorbent materials to mitigate the pollutants’ transport the groundwater aquifer. The study of the hydrochemical aspects of surface and groundwater in the10th of Ramadan city is mainly based on the chemical analyses of water samples collected from wastewater oxidation ponds, and the available drilled wells. The water samples were collected in 2010 and 2012, and the archival data were also considered to clarify the main different pollutants sources. The results showed that the oxidation ponds’ wastewater is polluted by Al+2, Ni+2, Fe+2, Sr+2, and Cr+2 due to industrial activities. Most of the drilled well samples’ ion concentrations are less than the permissible WHO slandered except Al+2, Fe+2, and Sr+2. The groundwater flow and pollutants transport were studied by applying suitable mathematical models (Visual-MODFLOW v.4.2 & MT3D) to investigate the direction of the groundwater flow and predict the pollutants’ duration to reach the groundwater aquifer. The pollutant transport is simulated originating from the oxidation ponds to investigate the direction of the pollutant’s plume expansion. The results showed travel of 1.8, 2.1, and 2.3 km in the NE direction was attained after 50 years of simulation for Al+2, Fe+2, and Sr+2pollutants. Chemical analysis of natural peat soil and the Fe (II) aqueous solution were performed to remove the water’s pollutants. The characteristics of the soil were identified using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and X-ray fluorescence (XRF). Furthermore, experimental works were carried out to investigate some parameters on the removal (%) efficiency and adsorption capacities such as the contact time, Fe initial concentration, and adsorbent dose. The results explained that the natural peat soil was very effective for pollutant removal from an aqueous solution. The results indicated that Fe’s maximum removal was 87% at a low initial concentration (12.5 mg/l) and high contact time (20 hours).