الفهرس 
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Abstract
Amikacin is a semisynthetic aminoglycoside antimicrobial derived from kanamycin A with a broad spectrum of activity including gram-positive and gram-negative aerobic bacteria. The aim of this work is to determine the withdrawal time of amikacin in rabbit’s Tissues (liver, kidneys and muscles) using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and the effect of boiling and freezing on such residues. This study was conducted on eighteen clinically healthy Newzeland rabbits, weighing average 2-2.5 kg and aged 2 months and were divided into a control group (3 rabbits) used for the preparation of blank and spiked samples for method validation and an experimental group (15 rabbits) which injected with an intramuscular dose of amikacin (15 mg/kg b.wt) for 7 successive days. Three rabbits were sacrificed on the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th and 10th day after the last intramuscular dose. Breast muscle, liver and kidney samples (about 15 gm of each tissue) were obtained from each rabbit and divided into 3 equal parts. Five gm from each of which were frozen at - 4°C until time of analysis, 5 gm were boiled for 15 minutes then frozen at - 4°C until time of analysis and the last 5 gm were frozen at - 20°C until time of analysis for determination of antibiotic residues. A high performance liquid chromatography system was used to determine the amikacin residues with fluorescence detection at 360 nm excitation and 435 nm emission. The current study revealed that Amikacin residues were detected in rabbit tissue (liver, kidney, breast and muscle) in the 7th day after treatment while the highest concentration depicted in kidney with (14.2± 0.57) followed by liver with concentration (9.02± 0.45) and finally in muscle with concentration (8.23± 0.18) 1day post IM administration .drug deposition disappeared firstly from liver and muscle tissues in the 7th day but persisted in kidney tissues until the 10th day. After exposure to heat, drug concentration declined gradually in kidney, liver, muscle tissues from (10.46± 0.87), (6.1± 0.56), (4.6± 0.56) to (3.7 ± 0.25), (0.06± 0.00), (0.053± 0.00) respectively, reaching the 5th day until it disappeared in the 7th day. After freezing treatment the highest amount of residue was in kidney (12.53± 0.78) and detected till the7th day (0.06 ± 0.01) while the residue level in liver was (7.2± 0.40) and the least amount of residue showed in muscle (6.4± 0.31) and were detected both till the 5th day with concentrations(1.05± 0.03), (0.83± 0.03) respectively.