الفهرس 
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Abstract
The area of study constitutes a portion of the great arid belt covering Egypt and is characterized by the absence of wet periods of climate. 1- Geomorphology and morphopedology : A- Geomorphology : Geomorphologically, the studied area is classified into the following geomorphic units : 1- El - Tahrir rolling plain; bounding Wadi El - Natrun on the north and northeast and extends to Rossetta branch. 2- The northern siopes and depression edge; cover the portion of the studied area located between El - Tahrir plain and the approach of salt lakes. 3- The depression floor; comprising the area occupied by the present lakes and marsh lands, as well as the aeolian sand accumulations. 4- The southern slopes; is a rolling surface sloping northward direction from Gabal El - Mekhimien and Gabal El - Hadid to Wadi El - Natrun depression. 5- Wadi El - Farigh depression and El - Mekhimien - Gabal El - Hadid edge; bounding Wadi El - Natrun to the south.