الفهرس 
Introduction and literature review
Friction factorOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 218 |  |  |
| | | from | 218 | | |
Abstract
Thesis Abstract: This study concerns gas and liquid, immiscible, twophase flow and convective heat transfer through porous media that is involved, among others, in oil production reservoirs, trickle bed reactors, and earth science. Two phase concurrent flow and heat transfer through a vertical, cylindrical, homogeneous porous medium are studied numerically. The first part of this study concerns Darcy model where Darcy equation for each phase is considered to derive the twophase mixture momentum equation by using some constitutive relations. The energy equation for each phase and solid matrix is used to develop the system energy equation. Numerical solution of the model is achieved by the finite volume method. The numerical results have been obtained for constant wall temperature airwater downward flow, spherical beads, ratio of particle diameter to the pipe radius D=0.4, porosity =0.4, and saturation ratio 0 S1 1. To validate this model an experimental test rig is designed and constructed and the corresponding numerical results are compared with its results. The comparison shows very good agreement at Re <100. At Reynolds number 100 Re 500, the agreement is fair with error about 5:10% and the Darcy model results can also be accepted. For Re>500, relative unfair agreement was observed. In the second part of this study; the effects of inertia force ?Forschheimer term? and viscous friction due to the macroscopic shear ?Brinkman term? are introduced and also the effect of porosity variation is studied. The most used momentum equation (containing gravity, inertia and friction effects) for each phase beside the energy equation is derived and solved numerically using the finite volume method. The results have been obtained, numerically, for ratio of the particle diameter to the pipe radius 0.176 D 0.65, Reynolds number 10 Re 106, mixing ratio 0 S 1 and dimensionless pressure gradient B 1010. Numerical results based on this formulation have been shown to agree very well with the experimental results.The results show that the heat transfer is affected by two main parameters; mixture Reynolds number and saturation ratios of the two fluids. A direct dependence of the thermal entry length on Re, S1, and properties of the flowing fluids exists and gives a modified correlation for the entrance length; Xe=0.1ReDPr Rm, where Rm =Rm(S1, S2, 1, 2,c1,c2). The results give a forward step towards the complete view about the flow structure and forced convective heat transfer for the expressed ranges of parameters. The main novelty of this study lies in the fact that the effects of flow inertia, Brinkman friction, and porosity variation for two phase flow in porous media are considered; i.e. the extended Darcy model for two phase flow is used. The results of this model show that the velocity field modifies the predicted heat transfer characteristics in the system compared to the results obtained from the widely used Darcy model.